Hollow-tile wall construction



SepL'4, 1923. 1,467.117 R. S. REQUA HOLLOW TILE WALL CONSTRUCTION Filed Sept. 8, 1919 IN VEN TOR.

A TTORNEYS.

flab/201761 62 110 Patented Sept. 4, 1923.

nirso sr rs '5 FHC RICHARD S. BEQUA, OF SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA.

HOLLOW-TILE WALL CONSTRUCTION.

Application filed September Tile Wall Constructions, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to an improved wall structure of the type generally known as hollow tile with brick veneer wall, wherein the facing course is of brick and the backing of hollow tile. 7

This type of wall involves, of course, in the brick construction, the usual five courses of stretcher brick and a sixth header or bonding course. As heretofore constructed with tile backing it has been usual to employ filler tile as a backing for the header course of brick, and this filler tile is of special. form as compared to the usual tile em ployed. WVith such a filler tile equalling in thickness the brick of the header course, there results two horizontal joints throiwh the wall. Under such a construction, the joints facilitate the passage of moisture through the wall, the difference in temperature on opposite sides of the wall accelerating themoisture penetration. Furthermore, the use of the filler tile, such as noted, prevents any possibility of an interlocking or interbonding between the units, as such filler tile can only be united by the mortar filling material with the underlying and overlying tile.

The present invention contemplates a wall structure in which the tile are of a particular form, so that in use the tile interlock one with another and with the bonding or header course of brick, while at the same time avoiding any direct joint through the wall. In addition to avoiding any direct joint through the wall, the improved tile provides an interrupting and rising void at the terminal of each horizontal joint from the outer side of the wall, to thereby absolutely prevent the passage of moisture through the wall and also retard the passage of heat.

In the drawings Fig. 1 is a broken perspective View of a wall constructed in accordance with the invention.

Fig. 2 is a view of the tile section used 8, 1919. Serial No. 322,364.

to interlock with the header course of brick in the wall construction.

The tile used in the wall construction of the present invention is that described in my copending application filed September 18, 1918, Serial Number 254,536. This tile is of substantially Z-form, and is peculiarly constructed to be divided to provide special forms for building unit.

Thepresent wall structure, in so far as the wall proper is concerned, contemplates purposes from the main the use of the said tile in the main unit form, and ma .singlespecial form divided from such main unit. The foundation A is formed with a projection 1 at its inner edge, so that the first course of the tile, in entire unit form, may interlock or interiit therewith. The lower base 2 of the tile unit rests on this projection 1, While the lower projection 3 of the tile rests on the foundation in advance of such projection 1. The tile units are built one upon another, the upper projection 4 of each unit supporting the lower 7 base 2 of the next above or superimposed tile. The upper base 5 of each unit supports the lower projection 23 of the superimposed tile unit.

Theparticular tile unit has its front and rear walls, 6 and 7, substantially equal in height to the height of three brick with interposed mortar material, so that the lower course of tile units provides a facing against which three courses of stretcher brick, as 8, may be laid. The next upper course of tile, however, are special forms provided by dividing the main unit so that the rear wall 7 thereof is substantially two-brick high. The improved tile unit it will be noticed has a series of interior webs, forming, in line with each projection 3 and 4, three horizontal voids, each substantially one brick high. Between the two vertical rows of horizontal voids, the tile unit is formed to provide a central row of two horizontal voids. The special form of tile used as each alternate course in the wall construction is provided by dividing the main unit to reduce the rear wall 7 thereof to two brick high. This is accomplished by breaking away the walls inclosing the upper voids in the previouslynoted application, the tile unit is particularly designed for this operation, in that in addition to suitable scoring the webs are so arranged that when so broken an upper face or base wall will be provided by the particular web for receiving the mortar material.

The special form of tile, used as the second tile course, is thus two-brick high on its rear face, and the two remaining courses of stretcher brick are laid against such face. The top of the final course of stretcher brick will substantially align with the new base 9 of the special form tile, and the course of header or bonding brick 10 will be laid on the stretcher brick and on the base 9 of the special form tile, indicated at C. The next course of tile units B will of course interlock with the special form tile, in the usual manner, except that the projection 3 of such tile units rest on the brick of the header course. The brick of such header course are thus virtually interlocked with the tile and the tile interlocked with each other, as will be apparent from the drawings.

One particularly important result obtained from the improved wall construction, is the absolute prevention of moisture penetration through the wall. It will be noted that as a result of the form and application of the tile units, either as a whole or in special form, each horizontal joint extending inwardly from the outer side or face of the wall is met or interrupted by a rising void. For example, the joint 11 is met by the rising void 12, and hence this interruption of the joint line absolutely prevents the passage of moisture here. With the brick courses the stretcher brick are of course met with the rising void between such brick and the adjacent tile face. The horizontal joints 13 and 14, above and below the course of header brick, are met with the rising void 15, formed by the tile wall immediately in rear of such header course.

A distinctly advantageous feature of the interrupting void, is that as internipting voids they rise or extend upwardly from the particular horizontal joint in every instance, and, being voids, interpose a dead air space as a complete baiile to moisture penetration.

Another and equally important advantage of the present wall construction, is that the tile and header course bonding brick are interlocked one with another, to thereby provide the maximum and a substantially uniform strength throughout the entire wall. In the absence of such complete interlocking, as when brick=high tile sections may be used, the lateral strength of the wall is of course only that of the non-interlocking parts.

Having thus described the invention, is claimed as new, is

1. A wall structure of brick facing having a header course and hollow tile backing, the tile being of substantially Z-form with the tile opposite the header course of brick broken away to receive the header brick, the tile above such header brick being of normal form and resting directly upon such header brick.

2. A wall structure of brick facing having a header course and hollow tile backing, the tile being of substantially Z-form and interlocking, the interlocking portion of the tile in rear of the header course of brick being broken away to receive the header brick.

3. A wall structure of brick facing having a header course and hollow tile backing, the tile being of substantially Z-form and interlocking, the tile in rear of the header course of brick being broken to provide a tile portion to support and a tile portion in rear of such header brick, the superimposed tile interlocking with such broken tile and bearing on the header brick.

4. A wall structure having a brick section and a hollow tile section, the hollow tile interlocking with each other and with certain of the brick courses, whereby to bond the brick and tile sections of the wall.

In testimony whereof, I affix my signature.

RICHARD S. REQUA.

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